take the logarithm of a number

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• Logarithm — The graph of the logarithm to base 2 crosses the x axis (horizontal axis) at 1 and passes through the points with coordinates (2, 1), (4, 2), and (8, 3) …   Wikipedia

• Logarithm of a matrix — In mathematics, a logarithm of a matrix is another matrix such that the matrix exponential of the latter matrix equals the original matrix. It is thus a generalization of the scalar logarithm and in some sense an inverse function of the matrix… …   Wikipedia

• Indefinite logarithm — The indefinite logarithm of a positive number n (variously denoted [log n] , mathrm{Log}(n) or even sometimes just log n) is the logarithm without regard to any particular base: it is a function (of the base), not a number . This is as opposed to …   Wikipedia

• Natural logarithm — Base e redirects here. For the numbering system which uses e as its base, see Non integer representation#Base e. Graph of the natural logarithm function. The function slowly grows to positive infinity as x increases and rapidly goes to negative… …   Wikipedia

• Prime number — Prime redirects here. For other uses, see Prime (disambiguation). A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is… …   Wikipedia

• Discrete logarithm — In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra and its applications, discrete logarithms are group theoretic analogues of ordinary logarithms. In particular, an ordinary logarithm loga(b) is a solution of the equation ax = b over the… …   Wikipedia

• Prime number theorem — PNT redirects here. For other uses, see PNT (disambiguation). In number theory, the prime number theorem (PNT) describes the asymptotic distribution of the prime numbers. The prime number theorem gives a general description of how the primes are… …   Wikipedia

• Complex number — A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the square root of –1. A complex… …   Wikipedia

• Characterizations of the exponential function — In mathematics, the exponential function can be characterized in many ways. The following characterizations (definitions) are most common. This article discusses why each characterization makes sense, and why the characterizations are independent …   Wikipedia

• Irrational number — In mathematics, an irrational number is any real number that is not a rational number that is, it is a number which cannot be expressed as a fraction m / n , where m and n are integers, with n non zero. Informally, this means numbers that cannot… …   Wikipedia

• Proofs involving the totient function — This page provides proofs for identities involving the totient function varphi(k) and the Möbius function mu(k).um of integers relatively prime to and less than or equal to n Claim::sum {1le kle n atop {gcd(k,n)=1 k = frac{1}{2} , varphi(n) ,… …   Wikipedia